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Article 116 and Section 15 StAG: Do You Need to Speak German or Live in Germany?

One of the most common questions applicants ask is whether they need to speak German, pass a test, or move to Germany in order to qualify.

For most applicants under Article 116(2) of the Basic Law or Section 15 of the German Nationality Act, the answer is no. These routes do not carry the same conditions as ordinary naturalization.

Why These Routes Are Treated Differently

Ordinary naturalization in Germany generally requires several years of residence, language ability, and a naturalization test.

Article 116(2) and Section 15 StAG work differently. They are restitution routes, intended to restore citizenship that was lost or denied as a result of Nazi persecution. Because they are a form of making amends, they do not impose the standard integration requirements.

No German Language Requirement

Applicants under Article 116(2) or Section 15 StAG are not required to prove German language ability.

There is no minimum language level to reach and no language certificate to submit.

No Naturalization Test

The naturalization test used in ordinary cases does not apply to these routes.

Applicants are not asked to demonstrate knowledge of German history, law, or society as a condition of eligibility.

No Residence Requirement

Applicants do not need to live in Germany to qualify.

These routes are specifically available to descendants living abroad, and applications from outside Germany are handled by the Federal Office of Administration (BVA).

What Applicants Still Need to Show

Although the integration requirements do not apply, applicants must still establish the core elements of the claim.

In most cases, this means showing:

• That an ancestor lost or was denied German citizenship in connection with Nazi persecution
• That the persecution falls within the categories these laws cover
• That the applicant is directly descended from that person

The focus is therefore on documentation and family history rather than language or residence.

Conclusion

For most applicants, Article 116(2) and Section 15 StAG do not require speaking German, passing a test, or living in Germany.

What matters is establishing the family’s connection to Nazi-era persecution and documenting it clearly.